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When taken as prescribed it has the capacity to increase body weight by as much as seven pounds in five days.<br>Are there any long term effects? The long term effect of creatine has never been studied. However, creatine has been used in the past and without incident. Athletes in the 1940s and 1950s used it until steroids became available. They switched to steroids because they got results much faster. The Eskimos ingest up to four grams of creatine per day through their high consumption of meat and fish, twice that of Americans, and, have not had any documented ill effects.<br>How much time is considered long term? Is it 5 years, 10 years, or 50 years? The FDA has been studying creatine since it exploded onto the sports scene in 1992. Dr. Mike Stone from Appalachian State University, a leader in the field of Muscle Physiology, has been studying athletes who have been taking creatine for as long as six years. To date, there are no reports of kidney, heart or liver problems.<br>Since there is no documented evidence that creatine is a health hazard, the benefits of accelerated muscle development using creatine, far outweigh at least one alternative - using anabolic steroids. For those concerned about sending the wrong message to young adults, consider this; it is a great service to young people to let them know there is a viable alternative to using anabolic steroids.<br><br>_______________________________________<br><br>Creatine is criticized <br>for the following<br><br>1. It could have been a cause in the death of three college wrestlers who died trying to  make weight. <br><br>2. It caused muscle cramping due to water retention and dehydration.<br><br>3. Creatine has an adverse effect on liver and kidney function.<br><br>4. It is lacking in long term research.<br><br>5. To a lesser degree of concern, creatine causes stomach upset, diarrhea and nausea.<br><br><br><br>games the players would stop by on their way off the field to talk to Melissa. She had a very positive effect on the team all the way through the state championship game.twoning muscle mass, Poliquin worked on making him a more balanced athlete. David explains,  The first time you meet Charles he does an overall body composition test and then determines your weaknesses. Poliquin determined that David was proportionately weaker in his lower back, hamstings and the scapulae retractors (muscles that pull the shoulders back). For the lower back and hamstrings, Poliquin rescribed good mornings, and both Romanian and snatch-grip deadlfts. For his back muscles, David performed numerous variations of chin-ups and pull-ups.<br>One of the most effective exercise methods David was exposed to in training with Coach Poliquin was lifting chains.  That was the first time I did it and I liked the philosophy behind it, says David.  Chains force you to explode on the way up, so when you take the chains off you ll just explode right through that sticking point. This is important in football because when guys try to jam me I m going to explode right through them. <br>And explode he did. For the 2001 season, David again started in all 16 games, his 1,598 yards taking just 98 catches, and he passed the 100-yard game standard seven times. He led the NFL with 72 first downs receiving, and became only the sixth Cardinal to make consecutive 1,000-yard receiving seasons. In the P