JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?NX֞5! :e|sT-\syzX6}>Z- Sb0d *妡L#xQ`OƲiǻ)#֗Nz"[55[8"_6=FzV[]dBťZVmclC\wcN8@Z b]W1\xx;OQ&M4ݤn `y6U(>x.R,F=>~I-MҼp[:¨;x{\P[BV99 =xfyys82URȪz4$XѻTC*rz J9#OH:h@i FJr~NPҙ7t۬<̏l?ʻLw/hW#]JZ؀8DsՒ0=CDg!OT(F<QySèaJ8*3 Ï!?zI+M";Һ"pJ./S[ ˡ]\GۤNޓLWn'Cܥ? #8 "aE+5y{?4ѷc$ ɻY$rcҲa4SP`O}qTu!m`l28|q1yn%$˖ݸ5_Q:^e4e٩P''c魝$FHdCHŽ*vX[*N@'gcrhaT`NN;V\Ph}#ǿO5լ-@ֹQR16#֭-ɓvj;Q;c=raֱlugK " ;ը5]V!yHc# s}3\j1c +>h{+s(P8T\1q}sOo!yc# `ךM$d 2G_Śe H٧/8[SxrٚrIb!?:=}b[Fs,GJ*u:er¨Y@`5rw^ԧNjth훲=K7Ime#kwbwV=4;ɼd |ǭUZ#JdLrd Od$`ޖbG'5h7cIpFGyuej]z % aŨ(qPô8,-oMZ^I~b d]ָL?dH楒`p*F7<{zJƊS4L3 \f;naLmƸ{{gv{֭Ьnq6wӠ[[q $mlc֤",I-QmVPuβ4KLds.R nVP R_4c/ *8tEg7vt's[It,`Vm-糒B)BKn?ĺ=,dΧ!GAExi5ZPMXq,*bzW\ּM o7OxPri?#p֥i&c*eee>lzԌa&Fa("Il:Vޟᓊbۤy@n--"c\:=0ɒ0OQ:zU`fMg,s )#؊[-PM h eE$R"vҧ6Ǟ3Pb Q֝?Oh00*H9hKWYMy q늽O:[ړR+He)$ 6rIfr z4p:qRH% BEw-*I'd4+wA)0oNW + ֣uG}'ˋNɐq\ OTCe.k.;R8i?:6ڬf)6qڙӽM7ZUJc{L[,` O kY'$ 2jZӱ썌L,F2z+2UXsQUnG ;ywGm PK0XbA&ԓԐX^0qcq =*1{?ZmPH ̨?ZdQ1 ]A`:qMmX՘[z7u9R94ֈV{H] '9Օ#\zzhMg&rx׵G0o S]e ,zDa̸y,3mM{ژUnBǭ)^0Pӹf[jw?<y~ֶJ{* fxA:%y媤ҕd>ٱĶ800ڥv#$oX\>jY+R$=qUebnaojd+g8ޣ|8"9*H)#ӯ4Jgր=z黴:d`=? +5.dwVmj4S2ÌZPI+:I2J!8'מ{bF2~V3\2ɕ9",H0: n4hLyAw$ޱ=LTm=ilHn'?9E>Ʋ! 9򝃞I5&ȣL9o~ٜPv z{Hz tTo ?M0>ǨPF 'QՎ$A GQkM&[1U1 +zGtl=?* lgVkcp\sR;v* j^mx6ʑқ43Go ct #m!ˏ63GBL^zגq&ekS[iׂ@+0 #$qXFQȩdTls!0qN<ۥ(;r?:آ=Rxpc1UiP HēV4=%-y+LՋlTAֶ(:W[O*蒷&RwPTºQ%*MVrp8jV+=ӣ1jz֩+ F̗w S'4sTHA8PhFbzRւ @8~4k&3Wr33;=}WvFINY`_@1@ɢ xtg_ޟAފURv7SW;ǝm(U랖d^2nkei0?sGMžlwlYXås\{e 庶Bv:kj0j1H[ҦwRmn85UT ¨? +>Ė IZ+60!O8[GonHK(U*Nmx"g 'OQochۚ&pf /LTqt]F@%c a?1*!Q.y&z1wؚ!xy==4)l§,IFR"6Yz,b bnX.nh(8]#}~ \Hk#!K$\\IQz|nOOcwq;)wzφT (]gTCvB[5GPU͝^Bp*zͫ]~ ᤝv"8t"d=VM`)݃Jb9q]QZt ,rpqE26Vw֙# *m֕ޠȠo<{ 2JP_ր-߶MVv+ aҕX+.z ۀ'HFE,:uXwa,{E*Ȥ cùŒ @ u\ gѪdRSCN}6&\mjzQ~tv9M8X[X!@wSr- EeZ;A#lUVya#qaEY]Yc`VW,Ezk6rSSBrG>w.zueX,X Ed$=ųE9`߁5LcfYdLvcIk#>hVg.oe19Lw32_ccF7$=aɆ8v(\Ubc w%s7Hf+|!Ck82B@Ay q4I PppAW`>٦b9z]ʙ:LcUϚpP"&8w5]O [ڷx0C?ּe {W@vYO-G*$7xjC k'މ@W/Bp4W=O/pٜ9 ?+((UU9l<{Yr链z4+*M{WfA;?0d+(]>WGX;qpM^͗hP87\mKbL#$1ר%  H~5e'9iLBOC &ň,ցE205q dR8 ji`$.A&Me4 *zD`7g*ܠ:sПUY<Gj/q#MOZh$"6ܒ3ЃCBnȨW9H,rN-h;219*ޅvHuZ+$'ǽ! @h <x?U!e@9MZG܌Z'HRT]6ZKfZJ\7KO1 4Q^՛G̕˱ϾPfXdc<VF;Gt>͠d+YY #);?Xbb!]ASQSL501{I,9#zdQE$)&];A=jl$2 dg^I8U˨QZC!. ~tQEh?C+p˽ 03O$to5kqqR.eil"3OJMRu8ϗ#QZ l.簨eROBhŠ Ysj{;7sk噎I$SP=+}ܐ^BHֺՖ5 A.0ԪkecDE-b2¸XsW|D֣yѠ* SҸf2Hvx*Һ3}\+ ᇴu;;ܡ>v?41dzB4"So@A 4RӔ9MXE$tS`x:9Mr:0>ElW^T5id~;Kkȶ+Mk" MH,/cE} @e@zvЛ]EdWy o,)(M8DާKXxeFh/ @~@19,qVzޟ=Xq[X$؅^IO;"r/iP^kr1RIuuToوW#IyCoP:f4yBHby$`bO`+ok}&<+J̑p<mUk{$rx{{H;P{vW1/%baν?ݦvE F@` z;QdW=`qKH)h$)1KBhFi =MD 85[E2抡3lU 2O;HLTۜCs\bb VD#9H9ܓct? k| [?Ӓ%i1ޛZbxns"cWwVf żoBnj\\Y.eN7!~֐Z݋giߒgޯFpWW_Yl;G3\_a86:Ucfj޺pkӭxGOSU-sKWslL:PI]~UB$w-串>3ZީLTWo.Mes)Xvk_{ SHBH[kf=SW jw)ʐV|: J\;Sρ-Z3^2u":▝z6j(mrJRͳI(sD.'[Z4 &mAV <br> From Pommel Horse <br>to Car Seat<br><br>Although the glute-ham raise had been used by European athletes since the turn of the century, American athletes were introduced to it in 1971 through Strength and Health magazine. The magazine showed pictures of Russian weightlifters performing the lift on a pommel horse in front of wooden stall bars.<br>American weightlifter Bud Charniga saw the article and decided to include thenew exercise in his exercise arsenal.  What I did was take a padded car seat and nail it to a carpenter s bench. I then placed it in front of my power rack and hooked my ankles underneath my barbell so that I wouldn t tip over. <br>Because the car seat Charniga used was padded and had a much sharper curve than the pommel horses the Russians were using, he noticed something unusual.  I noticed that when I did the exercise, the curved surface of the car seat helped me flex my knees more so that I could get a greater range of motio. Although you can t directly attribute all his lifting success to one exercise, it should be noted that in 1974 after Charniga began performing the exercise, he snatched 352 pounds, only 5 pounds off the American record in his bodyweight division.<br>In 1979 Charniga visited Russia nd found that every gym he looked in had a glute-ham station, and that the exercise was an integral part of the training of Russian weightlifters. He saw that weightlifters would often perform some variation of the exercse twice in a workout, once before the workout with light weights as a warm-up, and again at the end of the workout with heavy weights as a strengthening exercise. This sensible practice was also followed in the U.S. In fact, five-time national weightlifting champion Ken Clark, whose picture appears in the BFS Total Program Book, began every workout with several sets of back extension exercises. In 1983, at a body weight of 220 pounds, Clark clean and jerked 470 pounds, an American record that has yet to be equaled.<br>While in Russia, Charniga noticed that not much had changed in regard to how the exercise was performed since that first Strength and Health article, with the exception that some gyms had positioned straps to secure the