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Because the ball is moving rapidly, when the athletes catch it the abdominals get a much tougher workout than if the athletes simply held the ball on their chests.<br>One exercise that was especially tough was a series of push-ups with one or both hands resting on a medicine ball, as demonstrated on page 56. This exercise emphasizes many of the smaller muscles of the shoulder that stabilize the joint, and it s much tougher than it sounds. n fact, the Air Force Academy tried to inorporate these types of push-ups during a toughness training ritual called  Recognition Week that every cadet must endure. However, after the cadets had performed dozens of these push-ups, we received a callfrom the supervising officer to stop them because the cadets upper bodies were too exhausted to continue the remainder of their physical tasks!<br><br>Power Training<br><br>What the medicine ball is especially good for is power development. Power can be defined as  work performed over time. Medicine balls take the strength developed from high-tension lifts such as the squat and teach the body ad mind to use that strength faster. In sports, you have nly a fraction of a second to return that tennis serve or to break that tackle. This is exactly why athletes who excel in the weigt room often may be outplayed by physically weaker oponents who ca apply a given level of strength more quickly.<br>For most athletes, especially beginning-level and most high school athletes, power cleans and push jerks can produce significant improvements in power. And with limited amounts of time available to most of thes athletes, the basic BFS system is perfect. However, athletes who have extra time or who are at especialy high levels of ability may be ready for more sport-specifi power movements using medicine balls.<br>For example, a volleyball player will want to achieve maximal jumping ability. If the player does a seies of squats using a barbell, the weight slows down, achieving zero velocity at the end of the movement. This is necessary for safety purposes. But in jumping, there is an increase in velocity, with peak forces occurring near the end of the movement. This difference in velocity curves may not mean much to a 12-flat sprinter trying to lower their time to 11.9, but such training details mean a lot to a 10.4 sprinter trying to lower their time to 10.39. <br><br>Testing<br>br>In addition to their use in developing powr, medicine balls are a gret tool to determine if an athlete needs to concentrate more on increasing strength or power. 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