JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?,c(z V\_#2HL^4>+ձum`S3k/,.%ڭ'm~6{<ѸG>ARv;81j6-}V%6fO2 ;@WPfMPH ԭ|ytNFj➣nOҭfҦ_mi RSnL3}tQ 5 ͣ /wko.fz  j:n4FKfR?h 6 0 ?C7bKtņ1K/=}:Fq;`*d&$lC:^K@V:G< 8|\[[_,bf~N?ja?(Oqhqs ?Ɠ׆lZ/ͤK +A].Qre=*OaX,r[g`8<KEan #&EQO4S7(E8 u _;|sѴjB",ĎҾU+}>S^)K:ljd !DX ɁaC)lv~ک3>ݦh-r5%DDF0 ܃>gY5dRE_.46'[`:iѬ?*i .T쿙wkqRN ֑5^<.#G*uzZLPBN?s@b4auwN{{yg]1Aݿ ]sE[daP%JF*ӑR:|"f,tر?/oskH04Rfi4T>z` &8#cm=z|½sPӮǬ/?hėd7RQ֞)9(3IE.M&hɪ%''?WQL?@_G^G_5zygM^ޒos2cJH3 Ǒ[RUV;zWbQE~Oa@4+ތ\X+xA[3okخ6S&U QLfr}yZKcXc*(>;лYt94brJ\k MZmhчk<>ٖ?k(4 nܬ0 d Aa^{+#*IY߇d'fklh&8jҮ|R 6zu/ב Krrk}M|V^Z5]ОxH/^f㪳 UFc~cUEqZ?Ľ3PfTll#8a1IEJ} bMW:6UCtK*+Z-UҢEk.Jcn61$kQ7ķ6^$X7Fxus:,rZ߀zNy^1T| ֪[Aos)f0=z~4ԯNm"߲8C#WĺN6MC C2;\dK7e(Dܱ9\kmP`WJ8w<:uvgEZ0PR&e{u QJkOvSjIrsڷtll,PQcIq剮KXQ*#k'-;#5i`h~@Yq@SinN%>~߅yk\O+n ֺxq"R/W%z2GN͝v#J!.6=֥[I-LTtգKG%vGsgV:Zmc1k0"<ڍJmD دUy kyLQH)U$ʻ_Cv?^ Y&Ԑ[5nAZKwrwd2dv1GEP¹&X'J7zv>0v%@I[7Fh d$c mmOXr:ԱLR$}x2IB;@R}  擰ևk=K|7 y O?:Bi^ g̮#E/gͩ\6}^;HS 9>_]Ohm&G_*2xLWv?Jo2.`8<J\AN&ϡ ^H-"U6d<;ҽξrB?[Hcz~*/*F-wq{ I.Z9eD )IOz};T4VGCo=RYd1q#+zVb&SgC]v_2(V&$fO jZƢlIxW_^jH./'2IU[_j '0Hwo((Q] wgV/P?OOz;XI?GC4y_}a\ʲ"G"6CIa"jv+'(ߡS'Ú'$IdW?JJ)|M<~7_/,1^< &z=1/ϸls^Qj (4Q=EilSZD5n`#d^/to+rAG"WS7'y3cQK퇨4Qb*jK//ȷ@bn$`bIYVg8=+Z^%r{gC0pk<6} ):&-p `:KIHII)#j.9G/h ShZƅer3ОjsfO\XEdpd^#t3zzIS2U7]݁z}W|VeZ7[i-ou݈ p"&ZsNA^9c8hEP6G^yGQ AT?4לxQܟՙgaմcwj4#0F0 W\fb?"i?q a/ڡ?#YsTn߿|۳sU1PQ P䎲WϏ?YñA& !2>ĴK%Ln7sUV>ҝڼ8Rjh6Hƞ!U%@q^tƆ[ۨK3]ck}ZᅨϘ q\u;*1G6Ny4ޔf8OZ47WI=XWmKӯ0k8VT |ծ \/#_@kWZ.ZH 8G#[l+Þ!_&ҦuY#I%-# hچHT$?#^xT^ZNfB4 s8FY67l@fwR'<)wx?HF%[)2oʰZx.2IXʟ 3Lb/͌rOWΚEtSm݌z_Y{l臺qRNk%q +? AbbaE4B8M>RID |c/ SV`[3P*`LΎ4zWaw#֣L9Ikx{8T$ x֒أ8&x>tc1})wws6 [:޹m%el^|նNW*r6`VnDm+H1-劀8vܒi$d_0t$5cr81BX xX26*YcOftu]-bVG-$hvt麥nPRmWkY5? CNtR{L9I]Ghgrzϑ7JK{thY̜Zaaɴy'j,d98 hpHJ*s>ùGz4Rsw0 8փ&Uq KzTRA*+W~ݾ&CEYZWaFv#t{SR.0ȴu.d8N)+ 2-e#J4ԁhq˰Sۻˌn$qN9M)jϑj5#kڬRrq]Bͯ6JorsΊ=lbhEЭO' R c2XZc@drkwbhք9枚=ܛu#kEQǭ<(Ni9@,jDsxFy;f :adT$H  VO>ƕgR Tc=vӕ2ďF#84`*Ǧ=`GQOZ."cHdb2 X_PGʊ(\ӞHaAI,҃ۚBcyaDr. Mel Siff, a noted exercise scientist from South Africa, had an opportunity to train with the late Serge Reding back in 1971. This Belgian behemoth was the first man to snatch 400 pounds and was considered the greatest rival of the most famous weightlifter of all time, Vasily Alexeyev. Siff saw Reding squat, all the way down, without wraps, 880 pounds for 5 reps and perform repeated jumps a foot off the ground while holding 286 pounds in his hands!  When Serge Reding stayed with our family, he shared an enormous amount of material with me, recalls Siff.  He stressed that  core exercises (such as the squat and power clean) were of little value if even one minor muscle group is weak and lets you down in competition. <br> <br> From Pommel Horse <br>to Car Seat<br><br>Although the glute-ham raise had been used by European athletes since the turn of the century, American athletes were introduced to it in 1971 through Strength and Health magazine. The magazine showed pictures of Russian weightlifters performing the lift on a pommel horse in front of wooden stall bars.<br>American weightlifter Bud Charniga saw the article and decided to include the new exercise in his exercise arsenal.  What I did was take a padded car seat and nail it to a carpenter s bench. I then placed it in front of my power rack and hooked my ankles underneath my barbell so that I wouldn t tip over. <br>Because the car seat Charniga used was padded and had a much sharper curve than the pommel horses the Russians were using, he noticed something unusual.  I noticed that when I did the exercise, the curved surface of the car seat helped me flex my knees more so that I could get a greater range of motion. Although you can t directly attribute all his lifting success to one exercise, it should be noted that in 1974 after Charniga began performing the exercise, he snatched 352 pounds, only 5 pounds off the American record in his bodyweight division.<br>In 1979 Charniga visited Russia and found that every gym he looked in had a glute-ham station, and that the exercise was an integral part of the training of Russian weightlifters. He saw that weightlifters would often perform some variation of the exercise twice in a workout, once before the workout with light weights as a warm-up, and again at the end of the workout with heavy weights as a strengthening exercise. This sensible practice was also followed in the U.S. In fact, five-time national weightlifting champion Ken Clark, whose picture appears in the BFS Total Program Book, began every workout with several sets of back extension exercises. In 1983, at a body weight of 220 pounds, Clark clean and jerked 470 pounds, an American record that has yet to be equaled.<br>While in Russia, Charniga noticed that not much had changed in regard to how the exercise was performed since that first Strength and Health article, with the exception that some gyms had positioned straps to secure the feet.  They simply didn t have access to materials, or the budget, to have someone make a sophisticated glute-ham developer for them. When Charniga returned to the U.S. and told others of his findings and his success with the exercise himself, resourceful equipment manufacturers began experimenting wit