JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?ճh95c[X%F Y[ƾ- D^WIF@R.0p1Y6-'`Dۨ:Iցpa Ok&MhcMNҸSW]-F̛_yH:-ŠWG5:3^;QST,kJ2Tz{n"QJƹ#3U㠭$Tp!f݁Н"O ߖVP2[=yg\ƲZԸN|@)롊Z~ǼVӮ#c+tV`?s&sq\]}^9]ʞxx$ԹI29S=K!>Z5v[XQn 5Ex}=GWŶV-,F-ի]E!oq0qڛO T?)Q בxK{\ nŌ\w:;PUFXהEJ 45$H[ްrkrnzAZiSҖ7-^#`zVԖd^6'>߽"i.$}JgVG[.hv@YE)VKg<.5IjѩytJç\.9 J+- TyAs d'iEI`¦Es*m Ykr+Yn$DSbLsV:_L(@y%<)% \`Ҷ8Oҡ};V-J;t~f1aJX6f{'@qBFnRg`mz SuF H?i 3[]3^):s^+bH3\V62E֦+w#Z+š%-h J+ XWnh26}9wp4>pv_4vKk^Lrsgcګ\YH'He\am~5 %ȣ_6SQCB@}Rߞ*ߌ]Dwzԑw~?Z-+S/oB?AyԄe Tï5[\i*%Z]{ɹ3XbU yiu;니H7q2mdF ܇P\'v'#f1cC KM= :_[W$U9ֹi+q[OeS 2z\z n´WjN־1$9'\ƅ>=4Vc-O, IrqH+Ƨ$dTJBvvKCVXDT0ÞwYex!FAP0 W"UH0%Z20Gz<~&͈ާ{vy(1ۯlx^k>fl"YYr)ݬKY l+EKC(>eaמyeex] J&K 1TlSԎzY?8X?zMۀ$qOCsgA52J[ЭV*+nxЀJ`W7%-}8ƒY5A㠮jT\Gl6Y#+NdߓT㈸,|ޯX܋=Oj,w64HD1gr$aHV3湈е`!n {̽m5P8V0P X26 S={Dqg^q :dzġq~N7wf)7%;LgY< 2{1U,POzu54-QMh{4">j bzcu6zB@F[b]z+b8P yN׺xuJN̩o@̙QWZ+iPp;ՔA9sN:}i#A 9{Z%'pIT-NJYC#=<|~kի&J%W\O}j䕌*FO4F(9۞(@83-[+=*[ # v]k"E+Dh脛՚[e'ұ CG2y>Aqqs#gh0 lQ!R9'?x\Q{NЭf`4=JOKhL`dJ85Zx~Z2v$/-ͦsoe 崢sgҲ6I9%_Y\}Xr8UҘ@9˩$z$V{`ăi%*\:SPgW4M!EY@?wE+>8VV4LZH?Қ.D.@>!%_\\ fgyyJpo̰JeCުKrўWizU/AQ$js׫d*dަfP 6Hv>]3'ދ)eY+d,I ԚbiXQQe$vU<3ik_Wg~ym{=kSrM1n_9gJžAoNp1#ڽz2sr+XJќw':QF-[2G4򼨧 OSn=p*5GSSK&u}N ?^m&nzܕcϾxԉbMl%H,oҔ"=O4T V+Ojg]!k\wt;ir)azh{ċoxFɅA׆J6_ʓ5{79 NF),a4ST~Ri;QL@ϯDFcҊ) m9FN?:(!sښMS;<br>Stepping off a box (not jumping, as the thigh muscles must be relaxed during the fall) and immediately rebounding upward upon landing is considered an example of a shock training exercise for the lower body. Performing Marine Corps push-ups where you clap your hands, land, and then immediately perform another repetition is an example of shock training for the upper body. One of the characteristics of shock training is a brief transition phase, which is the pause that occurs immediately after the eccentric phase ends and before the concentric phase begins. Such dynamic activity is required to take advantage of two processes: 1) the reflex increase in muscle tension caused by the sudden impact stimulus, and 2) the release of elastic energy stored in the tendons and muscles developed during the eccentric phase energy that can be refocused to help an athlete jump higher and farther and run faster. As illustrated in Figure 1, a delay as long as .25 seconds would prevent the athlete from being able to use that energy, and the activity would have to be regarded as low- or medium-level plyometrics. Says Siff,  A useful visualization of shock training is to imagine that the surface being touched by the hands or feet during the plyometric contact phase is red hot, so that any prolonged contact would be dangerous. Verkhoshansky s research has revealed that shock training is the most effective type of plyometrics. In one 12-week study, Verkhoshansky divided track and field athletes into two groups. The first group performed 1472 low-and medium-level plyometric activities, including squats. The other group performed 475 jumps using the shock training method. Although the shock training group performed a third less work, these athletes showed greater improvement in reactive ability than the group using traditional methods.<br>Again, this is why you should regard weight training (including the Olympic lifts) and most forms of commonly used plyometrics as valuable  readiness activities for shock training. <br><br>Shock training is a powerful tool for athletic training, but because it places such high levels of tension on the muscles and stress on the nervous system, it must be approached with caution. This entails first developing a strength base with BFS core lifts, and perfecting the technique of the lower intensity shock training exercises. Accurate visualization of reactive movements, split-second decision making during sporting conditions, proper breath holding patterns, and fine tuning the nervous system (to develop what Siff calls cognitive plyometrics) take years of practice to perfect. Only after such preparation should you gradually increase the intensity of the exercises, and only with such preparations can you achieve maximal results with minimal risk of injury.<br><br>Shock Training in Action<br><br>According to Siff, Verkhoshansky is appalled at the amount of inaccurate information being published in the United States about shock training. Verkhosh