JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?㵽gj;m+fhKgM}fm䶳4{'sˇluЊڥC !4J͍[Rs0jU'42pqN'<6C[I zA֫ŃrW^wI ړbYJt互8*AnMw ˫ygdun~xhn. #۸?J6Kf5Xr 1}955$`XI(qqҲҦ`vYEIT 6̽;J;7ERDy֧ ebZ([M)#z@HRɌz\E ߆j Hi`pRDT:6 0%FNUlbq]=>SXi|%;hUw =gb~y9k[%xl㑑F7¸nnd2;"*Jakn<.ְ/۶)W%7g8+ԮVA̹C-}:lcxOMU͸VÙ =늆9I|H6zj#r=1PFHk}1iiŵiLѾ[-8>+pW\.&JiW3 eH8䴺b28=GE =]4{4$]H9Rzbj8tU洹Dvl^mouo\K{9nX7$ kbZ/j:Iu,] ޱvȞto¶|?w^t&"?Ja'i<+)\tQc+bˑzW st& *mdj>9d Ƞmqqu-BI'uXba 0OZSq[-clZU$I,j6wJF}rlAkGOKyf8\qsڞye@% `"4_ הfg C뛻f ʓ0&HfF~n{zd$UmR`#8ߏ+E^DqaD{NijEyIE=Iz4244 c8-Mn>"Y! 2:FQ}G = -rf{e#jZ-ݩ8z`)uR;9Ġ9e> 3^=9eϰUqY%r&O8 ZHcK3rD8oZ5't$/HvYO.iD[ 6CX )0bbXr ׎XŢHY'#J,0[PJ+۴2m3qN~5d*1T7@U{TSq{ޗ tF1s?*;-3vVF/h@qNdU#ty2 vXhLw0n6qG¸sG&v:?Bl4 5*ndF_/Is\׍[I$/;VsW͠y:j>jַY `o?(]ނ̫jL(T,(2ږl 㪟Q^eiwE̖+*ݜzzOt}WJ1MĈT5ROG g`K'F;u#&B$+DZּL4{dEInJu1XgJoCXbFr $:qG<NOzVɴr4'SVɉvyId;eF`DFA^߅R5 61AQ,^G϶9ϕ^.?ukMee Fc[q%gZմO ܗ`8@?kn`ˀ? м{)<9ti1L ޺l+B6S.?QᓡX$ w֏"f;4!>CI bs$* t٥ƚ˄ʥӮ|UoEM)|6iGSaGe !'`y?ZKz&' ?Z ZI'ս7X TJP}hlC 3 HS_A-:md85^a1i{ڊQ2P$󴟥"vcuA%ϧE3s#+V$e$,qEXH!Haօo+vrsRv)؈Ԏ[S:[*>'ְ Dq{6 zlq<߻Eb?Y{Q[gK94?NӍNkI@X~\R(@Զ 1vwJrx4g zcT-ڊ9v5cbekm8 WWqV5*sZBpas~EqYU0ZUjշ_!nv6?uksNE>Rz]6\'?_wzcgOmp!}w&)Pp>ߓ-݁Kz\Pb4_.3pM-ǂǭp3sIf>epsGM nPcjo]b^M)eȬBz$fkV_ !;DoCGok) ҳCbGxqUI}1Y-!~EG%Uk)c,Q@MK^0ȵ"4kqI>S)u*g)wp/,ʥɭq᛭4zs(O3=`~tX9Vu;sO8(O$5s$d zU(w.z#~DOUvatine can cause dehydration, we can dismiss the notion that creatine causes muscle cramps.<br>Does creatine affect the function of the liver and kidneys? This has been and is currently being studied by three well known and highly respected researchers, Dr. Bill Kraemer, Dr. Rick Kreider, and Mr. Mike Stone to date, no undesirable side effects have been found. Kreider studied the effects of creatine on college football players and reported "no impact on tests of liver or kidney function." Kraemer examined active college students at Penn State after a heavy work out. He also found no side effects from the use of creatine. He examined hormone levels, blood profiles and muscle biopsies. Participants also filled out questionnaires regarding any side effects such as cramping, diarrhea, nausea. None were reported. Not only has Kraemer thoroughly examined creatine, he also used it when he was a competitive athlete as did his 17-year-old daughter when she played high school tennis and his 15-year-old son when he was weight lifting. Again, no adverse side affects. Creatine does have one well-documented side effect. It causes an increase in muscle mass. When taken as prescribed it has the capacity to increase body weight by as much as seven pounds in five days.<br>Are there any long term effects? The long term effect of creatine has never been studied. However, creatine has been used in the past and without incident. Athletes in the 1940s and 1950s used it until steroids became available. They switched to steroids because they got results much faster. The Eskimos ingest up to four grams of creatine per day through their high consumption of meat and fish, twice that of Americans, and, have not had any documented ill effects.<br>How much time is considered long term? Is it 5 years, 10 years, or 50 years? The FDA has been studying creatine since it exploded onto the sports scene in 1992. Dr. Mike Stone from Appalachian State University, a leader in the field of Muscle Physiology, has been studying athletes who have been taking creatine for as long as six years. To date, there are no reports of kidney, heart or liver problems.<br>Since there is no documented evidence that creatine is a health hazard, the benefits of accelerated muscle development using creatine, far outweigh at least one alternative - using anabolic steroids. For those concerned about sending the wrong message to young adults, consider this; it is a great service to young people to let them know there is a viable alternative to using anabolic steroids.<br><br>_______________________________________<br><br>Creatine is criticized <br>for the following<br><br>1. It could have been a cause in the death of three college wrestlers who died trying to  make weight. <br><br>2. It caused muscle cramping due to water retention and dehydration.<br><br>3. Creatine has an adverse effect on liver and kidney function.<br><br>4. It is lacking in long term research.<br><br>5. To a lesser degree of concern, creatine causes stomach upset, diarrhea and nausea.<br><br><br><br>ms is shown.<br>I was struck by the lack of size of the older linemen that had been inducted into the Hall of Fame. It became crystal clear how important strength and conditioning has become and its contribution to the evolution of the modern day player. To the left are some examples. <br><br>It was fitting that the Pro Football H