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Kraemer examined active college students at Penn State after a heavy work out. He also found no side effects from the use of creatine. He examined hormone levels, blood profiles and muscle biopsies. Participants also filled out questionnaires regarding any side effects such as cramping, diarrhea, nausea. None were reported. Not only has Kraemer thoroughly examined creatine, he also used it when he was a competitive athlete as did his 17-year-old daughter when she played high school tennis and his 15-year-old son when he was weight lifting. Again, no adverse side affects. Creatine does have one well-documented side effect. It causes an increase in muscle mass. When taken as prescribed it has the capacity to increase body weight by as much as seven pounds in five days.<br>Are there any long term effects? The long term effect of creatine has never been studied. However, creatine has been used in the past and without incident. Athletes in the 1940s and 1950s used it until steroids became available. They switched to steroids because they got results much faster. The Eskimos ingest up to four grams of creatine per day through their high consumption of meat and fish, twice that of Americans, and, have not had any documented ill effects.<br>How much time is considered long term? Is it 5 years, 10 years, or 50 years? The FDA has been studying creatine since it exploded onto the sports scene in 1992. Dr. Mike Stone from Appalachian State University, a leader in the field of Muscle Physiology, has been studying athletes who have been taking creatine for as long as six years. To date, there are no reports of kidney, heart or liver problems.<br>Since there is no documented evidence that creatine is a health hazard, the benefits of accelerated muscle development using creatine, far outweigh at least one alternative - using anabolic steroids. For those concerned about sending the wrong message to young adults, consider this; it is a great service to young people to let them know there is a viable alternative to using anabolic steroids.<br><br>_______________________________________<br><br>Creatine is criticized <br>for the following<br><br>1. It could have been a cause in the death of three college wrestlers who died trying to  make weight. <br><br>2. It caused muscle cramping due to water retention and dehydration.<br><br>3. Creatine has an adverse effect on liver and kidney function.<br><br>4. It is lacking in long term research.<br><br>5. To a lesser degree of concern, creatine causes stomach upset, diarrhea and nausea.<br><br><br><br>;</P> <P>Jeff practiced at quarterback, receiver, defensive back and special teams. Then it came time for the first game against Memphis. Jeff's mother and father watched the game on television from their home in Arizona. They erupted with screams when they saw him run onto the field.&nbsp;</P> <P>"First we saw him on the sideline," Jeff's mom said. "We thought it was great that he made the traveling squad. But to see him play? We thought that would take at least three years." Jeff was so excited he called his parents from the locker room. He got in 8-10 plays. "I hope I can get into another game," Jeff said from the locker room. "I'd love to catch a pass."&nbsp;</P> <P>Next was Miami's first home game in the Orange Bowl. What a thrill for Jeff, a walk-on, with no expectations to run on the field for the first time. He was on the Punt Pressure team and they did their job by blocking the Citadels' first punt. A storybook ending to a life just beginning.&nbsp;</P> <P>"I hope to get a scholarship in the future," said Jeff. "I'll have to fight like anyone else. I will workout really hard to get bigger, faster and stronger." Jeff learned how to do just that at Sabino High School from Coach Jeff Scurran. "Coach Scurran is a great co