JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?k.>zx l1=V?. d1 yޟJj$#ڱ0$rqU8 b- 7zN#8 Et.0\cSȼ vbn ZcD%ow` {nZDl `*H;lnSG %8GHFc=ZOx '.ҵ.Oj,^ތN$NXfC%e]A0 t^`X$a!A~5|3Om?5X4X2L!=MGgqqzr8kŒohH͕qXTm*Qq<GPjLjgX•Y*\ZҔܖ=6+L)?4LJ̜0Y+jҁijvZa\zS-eK7M0!V/Ұ`T'v-d䲮xU'𢢂E3;*GgQ( 3ff aTgNj΍3ML#.ڡ]cFQ=;T+_^3^wU!3uNjQvpH$qҟ\b,D9\dRU=D #1P2Qn3j5nyJtW;SuҤ{S{]r5ҁ2/'FVJgҘcW\B*u$Ӗ]+%s 3SO9nԥ~<-OnM%wlD]zu(Ttw0p'SHڥŝJ30w3qK4gP !<75HF>oEg56sӚjEY/b@P0Su $>&^n? )+9ю8Č?Z7;wAjs<48T˓k46cNݨ 6㼭xJH nfLlOv=?.^#3-"|Yx-G~slIycVVRg'ZhǨOAu=mmIX9p 3eѷzR2>~*mF{t ښWV6})~XҚF=*rJa_1~+T|$0jGr_H$Dz{q-Ȉ !#.x2O9N6s\TX@L`|T3/}dX84B6rXb}H~uKq)Iϥ7</n65j @ fs4n#k R  *g:@t*U97Zu"W?:>Hwո (qۊk%xŴkŐhzL[]E(,n:W'9$Z3XX&&B5,Tli/-7Xl!zNC@ F}Z(tfɚ& Ws d?MCh|E@{SE,(Nv\T )fY_j㓌z K 2}Qj$}˓O=M_1,Uͥ41N)gՒAv juӝ>GVw>*)LTy) 3yKw$,RL`(~}+CRq-_rRPY皷L-#CeK #nQҽ8 G3ȮsZ-~uBGg*}Q+6"յAR?*̶4 ; 5H̊C4e^ fu',kg -N,~[V,8{U45q4ЫشG7y6)xO[¥XVkӾ^)W9TJ0Jw5"=1OJ>mVҘ^:<@A gA8+dQ\o_ِccCh@[`q1܎?),,Y~bJ8֊6̡IB.ZMԯzSN S'IT8JGai-6UfjE<D2 ab|@I:wtYwLp$V?0jȽ~ϦE4LgЁ[;b3"RG4+^1R)9?k`G؏'>&U)r G ug\j4#5qMF=Oq"'BxH?DҊ5Ik+EtzjWƬϿ\AXWe y6((V*,R]KuqCpON$a{ù>/S>Qb0Ap*P\{)k# bK1Q`dMg8)$sǥ+嗙}sO,޵щ L5o ~niKav%c#$a73b2xwywc1.!Lp69E'|D' E+P3PԘr18{K4~aO E1$рSvnUU 0Wy):vHtJV3 I b4[L 0jarڐݲd)X.kn==+C5(\)!If8PKKHp}Z2&^=>&7f\sW zW3 uEG?9J̶ UF"bx.Yr{Հǵ<8=(1zEI Gc֠ج皮JW Gy H9?ƃi` 'jO}q{Gk eJ 2F9i.iemX@SNHCgQj HԮD'$zTg BQ)>r7u$-"DaH'<Κv%''O1g\Ѷտ9J>&OL"W.SXO[GJ䆫)=?է_机ZQxQ.STڥz5!_K'TE'Q>S0JQwPjڬ"b:s jRV\vw9)hon`FGf W45]_ #L8j189Q̃Ao Z)MjI_LUEݙZF p?\BO:4_WV\j2 $ 9YZiV0b޵d"O;tic#PiK9N jk.>pۚAKh:9mMK|oN)pz5aEǯ)WX1HIF?*|;}N? ?5#v Gz FRiql?j5aRqnDZY>W@F(ڂ â@3ojDK.Y29H#.QW&< ErvPn DiجzӁ)^1=P7h\BW#%A-oUM FJ'9֘-(8 ( _M$)XP ۑg'm5lZCH#Қ,L4q֊(G)N$dQEن p>ǹ~j=Ig֪,MY0EF:rOׁ[WP傌2$UO g'Ҭ^nN2Y< g%)Glwf>s֞V=IZ3\nFՙ$}\oS5DD &'FvVIjy r:cĻ,bd Rq:{$ϧJ(H#O! `ڥ6 tʾw3.08&nu* `38ǰ"E#\ֲvkwL z\ֺm#`e) $|\13_X:ҠnXɩ 'i'M8'Ɣ =(8A_]nYLW/_=S fHu=8犱lIw)t545-BG@Gֈ))JmQRBbk|ᔟ<Z\å*bc\ w#H#L\~)Th+Gy'= ~NTa$`bXGE'ӳR0@HOI#Y@LrA<siVr OJGq#֊ҊVc6#F:!A @?\d`F=8͐IsO&p}ݠgjn@%V;z<:Ui#fR8?&Ts{ HpCWHIQ3k+N& =/a9T0#P`} {T$`IT CX9x{Mt;˫D5Ɉ8bЫԚ|;Ė^vt-WdMmmү^=6-$s(Psu x59-Ξʟ* y=Z7DsL;6k). h2gL=sjvw6Z]oƷ[k8`p#qKKYat c,|7sǽU5+2z]q 3;FkaRaJUw.(S ch uSsqAGJrI#Ҭ*z;pWE ۀ>l֊xav&UP2x#A,>ڞg'3p ʅ1¬syQ1gOƤp'8T#! Px[Q:wCo635d^A{~5>u1֛h 3Aڎ79==뫿sfl?d}9\>,8+u>dEcrNDL$xbI<)ؿOS֍QY[X@49蚃#>[hB+3> JdE;$dRZ RZz\xO&9eM:F: pG ?_jIcd)*& mcֱO;.+#$^>|7{BL:l᧿[zq Ps}y,Q7Q5V;(l%֊Wlxs'BȰcz~oiMaR {ǡHanOEҦU,F\u:Jف4ʩܷ'83sӥ<Œ;cFnrS9di$XKgv z]zc*P>#DT|O8B8$8 OcHq(h'E :1ϒ,zf8K8.rO}i$(qHBT$?* $=ʓ`I&FAe]*y 0@A09敆pv)1hSM2FP!G),sP~=hRKAǡ B Ry03ƓrAdpNX(+Hǧ'vU$\rs*@AVPO>jU1sO@|S?,vWveÜQP@'=f$(Κ$USq#_lPz u85@rT`goPRWGAqJN8a]W#ߌ(G18ݎHH_J#V 1V5mI߂Ǔצw.GoZ@*vs4F*|s@y9]=t*:tR!XX'ی ,7Ͻ78A `TeP̓M,wi\avIELTnp1ڊN used by European athletes since the turn of the century, American athletes were introduced to it in 1971 through Strength and Health magazine. The magazine showed pictures of Russian weightlifters performing the lift on a pommel horse in front of wooden stall bars.<br>American weightlifter Bud Charniga saw the article and decided to include the new exercise in his exercise arsenal.  What I did was take a padded car seat and nail it to a carpenter s bench. I then placed it in front of my power rack and hooed my ankles underneath my barbell so that I wouldn t tip over. <br>Because the car seat Charniga used was padded and had a much sharper curve than the pommel horses the Russians were using, he noticed something unusual.  I noticed that when I did the exercise, the curved surface of the car seat helped me flex my knees more so that I could get a greater range of motion. Although you can t directly attribute all his lifting success to one exercise, it should be noted that in 1974 after Charniga began performing the exercise, he snatched 352 pounds, only 5 pounds off the American record in his bodyweight division.<br>In 1979 Charniga visited Russia and found that every gym he looked in had a glute-ham station, and that the exercise was an integral part of the training of Russian weightlifters. He saw that weightlifters would often perform some variation of the exercise twice in a workout, once before the workout with light weights as a warm-up, and again at the end of the workout with heavy weights as a strengthening exercise. This sensible practice was also followed in the U.S. In fact, five-time national weightlifting champion Ken Clark, whose picture appears in the BFS TotalProgram Book, began every workout with several sets of back extension exercises. In 1983, at a body weight of 220 pounds, Clark clean and jerked 470 pounds, an American record tht has yet to be equaled.<br>Whie in Russia, Charniga noticed