JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?p hC *0)`#iˣGn{Őg&3G(*4DIimq屚wHJ8ir+ N淁.f="nzG1ӵy0` Eۓ)lB=|VqҐ!:Vt]<ڱ5qe)#'K*,hn ַ㵊KP;20:mZH.g**|RntZbpy>: ˭C$XzרG8(hjglЦ> .;֟G ;gt?O NNޟO4φs+: +>q$c< 4 xCpGBzBCLj/ZxYޡn-獧6T9y de\g=Yώiۭb;*8=>6H0 ąS\,$խf^폛U?Cuk,v۠"KY+s[uw0N1bɆ >Mfhcڶ9fgpY@dTdn򌠎}&h!=?ڜ}Rm}cì(Sa?Uߏxúc$⊛I?>*Bs֊\ǁR3W*Ȯ G]އ{,\'[ { sC84K"~E@ $Rzr)V8Hqq3$Sw$OT_5a/NIohAќ#n}*M"e8JRxci*<ޜgŮ~Y,ߚ|G[cеZ]#C+s3>I"iܩAv谄܃k:u}b28kfXGRZmg@{𦺗ycBӌ4;MҬ^a,̭!f;錊XڦMظE9v1|YveC=N bx|\ܪ )21Ax:^F7lR],$1⫃ۆuYݼ5p1)Rg AuqY>9QMd!tpãOW|14+*i#׫w9椱&\j%[Ko=5 )56 Nip1ұ|ɨ[kcmi 77x#f|MY"؝گ"L@WɯXЯl|%h1IՋaqkϼ5 O[e6W l>(ʆm-zI8 Fo ]9f3c=kaėROHiAiʪ08s}e/,a f qxhsܻeN;U| 5,eH 9B029#գ3VU;SQR( ڗ4ӏjMwnR{R~Tۋx.1’]r*+=.d6! LN}:SYq&"II+×rJD[@Z,>rM[y<$0OrVP`3C]O~+M:ާ3]:. *N܍X^'wFm03]ς4l:711=Q{$p誰qr?ZM svř6{s?5ixjY4Ƣ9q"ex˒!*"yH7V-BK̒ؤɎ{Ҩj5K iX6[rPˣJAS?PM]_Ns }c[Iu>+$Ftbc>j$kpJ&FI= =7>D>w0Ul j;>#4,c kUfLmӋ{f2ih5#jqNKGUsQ| O%|l *h ˬENrtz:F5{mLsc;E1zmуFB$Q 7&5?ۮtlиt/[ky<kc91QjCIPבn,O~ /÷ m!K<>T.R{D E1qOң{PdԐ4Dg^oҁM3֣/jic ISlG1tYKvM!ez(ٖ T0)h~fJ9{H[Ħ00ߍZfɡ.$d We[qcqh|5<Y ;BM)"~Uk}e*ÜctXcQ,^(SGdYdYIVχ<:a``7##9~6F{EbQ;`+[D&jρ5A>[f. a&2AtdPAa .JhQtcNjE,3޸0!s)/m='2cy%"=ʁr:Wg,(7O1ꣵuO=ۤacLDzu &T4/rCG#'i)f }|w]6r7MhV2w)4urêޛy򌺢qs#S"2zdT#;S$h [8o: }j^ _Z]l:/gu건qY06 R4>jfAv)>\umN ez9GS7g)Ӭ3m.tC2l~֠A./"u|NWlU:wa*E#AڭZ)Bp]O#%q#3`#u9~OṖyEgOoҘ4IA8 Mվ|/>3!9=(gMkm:'kϵM (\P\jc~c|eK@E&!gdg8+[ʿHHr;UsrFx-v%8}6ġm׭hgސʲz 様2Ƭ8-~GqPj-RQ"qgހOPJIS1⫹[e P\A͌6G%(N{TI$ėo:wnp_hRJ>aڟ5̖,#8>{-'I'F#;xJVWs_!48/[@ϷOj [dd⑘c̜n#Qf^*؛[r -bin0ILb׭C{u m8o \B i!H>f]-WӮxlm?j@SPr>q?w= peay,WV*g*UAPVgA-ܗm&;Ȋ:0ޱ [v܇ ek3u.h؈>zO gsO| 'cܑQ8g= 9?Z~G=J0!  S s@M]"&`7c%I9>Ե @lwSڊكN}h#]HwS>X;x8[1HS|T.J FĞXl۰!ܹWAymZ-k$XUf8g+aOCu5ķD ;/S5\DAOr*D;Vۨ94X}E\ Rځ!(ٞN9m#[%t `ڪF8Һ2)H}3`gQ&\oc_o3 n+#,1]g ZUyV{!Ԓ=*ZSм5DCMa5) h 84ސ`4PaMlR1M<H.F֊&FiC=p+03Jm 6C=2)bYl;\QZl0 O.IFCRWW21|/Ӱ'Ϋ[G%i\.60\_TیUY_ۙ$2;ܞ8ۮ PBѾYv;M~?oIZ!d9~ěYS&q$I$UXwnVE%5\ΤZf2M?FOYH\0ܡ= VYZKyG(:Qj o|@Y` rI8Sn-lomuOy bS뎙wЇRRm˩=޻r<1*rEUxՠ@DNĺEf[f:/#8~V^+ѭVչrI[ݰrmcЭMw PIqQxpǪ럭ylF?UY>/[# +pIֲ%~fȼj:m)c Q^-//9GhsEkq\"Ȳ4B71pE Ͱ#w' qW6ݻL@hzȻ lVX⧛Z&s)湢2i();_aEu';.GQ8R!AyOΞrjfd#ıF?ualv(ztHߗw&l`0Qǧj'5iA>`֤JMv_/lt]O^y.BFl7>+)YP~F׺Ɵs+yʦ[GN٨[BY}vvl(b=x_)-J㹉=Jut[ Jֿc!`iOHn|CˆpK`gvGJ.G+F'O^fGw?:=7O,$gvuI!;R4VFq6شQEj!QE1Q@Q@8wLhQ@%P0QLBR(v(( few hundred meters a day in some sporting or recreational activities. This can easily involve several thousand foot strikes in which the reaction force imposed on the body can easily exceed 4 times bodyweight with every stride. Now let another child do a typical average weight training session with 3-5 sets of squats (say, with 10 reps, 8, 6 and 4 reps), with bodyweight or more for the last set. That bodyweight is divided between the two legs, so that, even taking acceleration into account, the loading per leg is bodyweight or a little more, while the spine is subjected to the full load on the bar. In other words, the legs and spine in controlled squatting are exposed to significantly less force than in running and jumping. Normally, exercises such as squatting will be done no more than twice a week for a total of about 60 repetitions, while the running child will run every day and subject the body to those many thousands of impulsive foot strikes. <br> It does not require much scientific knowledge or computational genius to see that the cumulative loading imposed by simple running activities on the lower extremities and the spine is far greater than the cumulative load of two or three times a week of weight training. Does this now mean that we are justified in recommending that children not be allowed to run, jump, throw or catch because biomechanical research definitely shows that such activities can produce very large forces on many parts of the growing body? <br>It should be obvious then that there is nothing wrong with running and other normal activities of childhood, and therefore no reason to disallow activities of lesser impact, such as carefully structured programs of weight training.<br>Siff also notes that bone density scans have proven that youngsters who do competitive weightlifting (i.e., the snatch and the clean and jerk) have higher bone densities than children who do not use weights, and that clinical research has not shown any correlation between weight training and epiphysial damage. Further, an extensive Russian study on young athletes, published in a book entitled School of Height, concluded that heavy lifting tends to stimulate bone growth in young athletes rather than inhibit it.<br>Two possible reasons for the fear that weight training could stunt growth are that weightlifters tend to possess more muscle mass than other athletes and that smaller athletes are attracted to the sport. In gymnastics, the average height of elite athletes has steadily declined in the past several Olympics because shorter athletes tend to be more successful in this sport. But saying that weightlifting makes you shorter because many elite weightlifters are short would be like saying that basketball makes you taller because most professional basketball players are tall!<br><br>The Numbers Game<br><br>Risk of injury is another area of con