JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?hp{ h[ Ò:F}y?*z]"~ݚp2Tۣ8 3Ok'zƜڱ0a# I7"_/v.z=M.35jc2 ԕNb#1>cyC;ӂL7 f\^/T ѐ =27;P Ja^I@H'd?R>q'P>dl)Y9R;mk9a>gb$Ri) \rnGץbr\DF&G NH gg FXI# u9+(:/ &emzTm!-8};T/Bdql$1ضsBlmĿ tFg ?AfhZQ]`;@Q#E$JWȗv+#Eu[Ii2G#Ҥ͔`)Y"( "P&l`0=E,V[$wt_U迊jf"#W>٬Vv|RAb˨#?2z;QʍY7qR r zz.S}&{sTr1n} W;":&mW>W.`RsrE(wAZpvjx1Z'#zP<VPx4r3K swc4Kqnd)'>Rzݢvv-% cxwIdxV:WYfWǏ-S^a,5w)@QLS?=OsܭUr^,TUXBx#zmOY#@!G=@edYa(AדQ|ZT&aÿ="ެFxI@L>֮-ץUHQ#L/\BRVڠznM2Ӿ)/ iS*|&Ӥ E56$uX'b=qWŵFJ9z{9i|Nb7v#"r?^uK{qíI m%mly.垥nV|/4+uo$`! +޿*|g(}SF;.h'**h]OowC8[UMv>~~.s9HfE?֨O߽Ӯ8N:v;n58*Eϖv*l<1:e:5 Y/\/ c*Z`>sy9ݗB(r].wpWQG0rtVgȬ_6?k]JirDl:zWH"cc'#^?JvX`SL}7[_BIqȩ9f@Ukyn5ky qIظ`@ϥ hzRW*#6pA\t5,d`, A5=9 ďZl(H w.SJlkNv88@?/Clּ\c'Ok|M&MQ9ȭ񃴕Ұ5ioţMŐ$ȌvaFGAV/jE< KpɽrڗɵR8_0m4)DXDc uwdxS-?(qsKʽDbvHb`_unb%J $ ->IwuvΗr{ *=֢PKSNy5Vޕ)u}.E#pJ3!xs^[Y_Vb7=r?΅vJVG; W>O TǮAL=ݼt   xMǛLT89&\ieD7*3VվJ\YdžoO?{'DT1|0zϟϭaxMxrӟ#ozQme;~^W$҈#tV`"5MdN]2Ĭ|lKBUt̎ByW>Sp3šY's&~\cYcN:Ndn(L3\Rw<ŧq.1зRB|:v;[]:fl<$.oS^RԮ7$qMs@*:\n) Ҥ E>`4975-c_G̖<O }}1O{[]N՚8tz.f,V J10z2ᢌTqj_ ޣАr1|S`ֶ)t1:"BBSaq$LPxz]4XgP@ՃOP@VrA%{`R#f&9.u$20+UVh%Xg9 t3=}+$R~DT}Sd6}qO6`[]}t$ " ´^B[jvS{jP/  9˖NCqQHwmz3V:3hs\@_޳e- $sk @sjYHLNSt-ggff5ɗn:tUm€}srAH )#4vǂHw*7dihV94q(mfchdr3-,~#$ ҪGhɸʮb!)QQH*5;p}Ucg"&Ksf$.-k?Z.UN>خMѦ/ qqdua=gñk"dǮsvf-_[v2:."neUdn3&+8[]?2=wUHqzMًh)hb"qF He&@< Zq1;H8L]H=*TrzQ]M 2|RzV'Oxz8LJDUGZ󊤓@Lծºk1r;(~"𦪣}ZV/s<1]Aoz|[c]`qZ;ܓyEQ%mɒWenVw Fqokma<~DG<`6wv_I_![֢3=YQybUqES[ D,$mw$FO1Ac!LrX26:c<^qV㶻H㷽x ljA#'G\yck=p`mIOsT׹anT7G%$k3_:L?R-άy,[f5b$' `d^͋A& |1?J c|pHUW;5-*s:8[6_K FKnOtLJn9C΋Kĺ^jF=Dj+qr:n{iY%WQ$q^m |s g޲5hb HlsYJcusgwݤ2ʨ0@j-=MZX] |3쐿8'Eso%иo'>ho}~mgwh<;#wc>w0yұ5=oKNQy!Pҷ8\5̐ s׊Y1lncm6" w5jvV 1pC.W"Q]jw&1m9[CC-3Tg#QYg`mYrʬ>6ef¨W%$^dAG3ְdfҹjR%*hs?thdM剉R9XkIWg!&mAǵ=5RiZh ]ė2HHUpB*I-Ź'+XRd!#xoL}>D%: v\&w,cA]S>${q *-9h=4 LQokcݲ[ߠX׭x!ծ\\,KcA?*jNK] *E-X֮E"\i,q<lQ^Nu[YQ@;o~O#ԍ^8H`hFkzV͘Ҫ黤jce%z%R]1Ȕˆʩ%Ƶ&1nP?J-5PxT#QʻuFPI5kg#8?Ym\):sP/Vc]"X_ .vx ƇbeVRV^8?8;.EIl֖UZPc,)4-w3 s |JWI>HnfH0}֯sќ/éi'cr&׃jNPB[$n?·$5NG3mm9Qj/PT$矺5ccvEmN >x85.K7SN~pި1mVb~y,]r 8R 9Hr{qG2WkIcNPq$1[vY|N'8lz$m,n7rX~Ts6'OLJgx OZ/ ̚R nGE[***INO|sXJ2G.ςy.hmN06&Bx+\H vN>P &0s)j]u ;NG,h(mX̎Ǚ4J0Sv gW\+ d_ >(+(4 s&{ޤxoI1 o*;ӸcT&)?NS$YHڊdIJmf"D#( mÕumXc뜚('@nqۚL=TQH_[qG>TsuT[&^ފ(`Ť".NI}}*8C`bx@'g)(w{\m5 l( %fkHQZ^ph,]j h N aR+UH`RA<~9j]f[9 FY:\99֊*ْ 3#Gې]RVhX%!>Q@F1,"v4Vx&4\EP3E d-$ǘ UN'SFNء@2 !0΋0Ad"Eٻ`s K HaYW:6tM/G (T8]Z4Dט48T#eTcH˕3I,>ʜt5&/"]@C}xBAm'__U|y(xbSCokZw$G+`*%N+Sht8O96~~lG֑Ί̀֟"Ŗ w;N*21қkq5m-y hXUٍ7s淘, 7^[ssK8g_-a==+OA.X~YaV7q\oSsnAyO=뢥n^Z¼Tz)䞸hqb8=?UI#'(,mP (:jtyVos9&vE̞*@NI=hF]+4&XLshU|IIz$o-\>f>ۺڊ+cl2@{SD ϠڥHԀqE"d<Q<袑+s6q ?*kOP!F!T(:t5_Ex_F//m@^v`<br>Schnorf: In my experience I can t think of any who have been diagnosed with such an injury, and I would say that I ve certainly started more kids at an earlier age than all but a handful of coaches in this country. I ve known plenty of kids who developed serious injuries from playing baseball and other sports, but I ve had very, very few even moderate injuries in weightlifting.<br><br>BFS: Many medical experts will say that while it may be fine for kids to lift heavy weights, they must avoid lifting weights overhead because it can easily damage the shoulder at that age. What is your opinion?<br><br>Schnorf: Medical and scientific theory often conflict with practical experience. A lot of such theories have been proven wrong, such as women who are pregnant shouldn t exercise or that women athletes can t tolerate running long distances. If you remember, 60 or 70 years ago experts said that a curve ball didn t curve, that it was an optical illusion. As for stress on the shoulders, certainly anyone who participates in gymnastics at a young age is putting a high level of stress on the shoulder joints and they seem to do fine.<br> <br>BFS: Seldom do your athletes perform any pressing exercises. Isn t shoulder strength important in jerking weights overhead?<br><br>Schnorf: During the time I worked with Curt and Stewart we never did any pressing. Stewart could never bench press 200 pounds, and Amy Miller has jerked 237 pounds overhead but can t do a military press with 75 pounds. Amy has one of the best jerks I ve seen, male or female, and certainly the best jerk of anyone I ve coached. I am of the belief that the jerk is a speed and technique lift, so with my athletes I emphasize speed, speed and more speed.<br>BFS: What effect does the starting age have on speed and starting strength?<br><br>Schnorf: The sooner you can establish the proper motor patterns in lifting the better. The toughest athletes to teach are the kids who are maybe 16 to 18 and have done a lot of bodybuilding exercises it gets very frustrating for them. I think that especially for a kid who s pretty bright and has an appropriate attention span, the younger you can get them started the better.<br><br>BFS: You were one of the first coaches to train athletes twice a day. Did you encounter criticism from other weightlifting coaches for training that frequently?<br><br>Schnorf: Certainly. The accepted practice was generally to train every other day, so the idea that an athlete could train six days a week or twice a day some days was just not looked upon as being appropriate at that time.<br><br>BFS: Are there any problems related to the age at which an athlete begins lifting twice a day? <br><br>Schnorf: An athlete who starts such frequent training younger has a big advantage over an athlete who begins at a later age, especially in terms of how the body handles it and frequently in how the mind handles it. One of the problems with older lifters trying to train this frequently is that they have a lot more stress and personal obligations and may not have the ability to focus like a kid who doesn t have all those pressures.<br><br>BFS: You have a reputation for pushing your athletes through brutally hard training sessions. Is that true?<br><br>Schnorf: At the 1979 Friendship Cup in Russia, Stewart lifted well while the other US lifters didn t lift very well. On the plane back someone asked Stewart why the pressure didn t seem to bother him, and he said,  I have