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Such dynamic activity is required to take advantage of two processes: 1) the reflex increase in muscle tension caused by the sudden impact stimulus, and 2) the release of elastic energy stored in the tendons and muscles developed during the eccentric phase energy that can be refocused to help an athlete jump higher and farther and run faster. As illustrated in Figure 1, a delay as long as .25 seconds would prevent the athlete from being able to use that energy, and the activity would have to be regarded as low- or medium-level plyometrics. Says Siff,  A useful visualization of shock training is to imagine that the surface being touched by the hands or feet during the plyometric contact phase is red hot, so that any prolonged contact would be dangerous. Verkhoshansky s research has revealed that shock training is the most effective type of plyometrics. In one 12-week study, Verkhoshansky divided track and field athletes into two groups. The first group performed 1472 low-and medium-level plyometric activities, including squats. The other group performed 475 jumps using the shock training method. Although the shock training group performed a third less work, these athletes showed greater improvement in reactive ability than the group using traditional methods.<br>Again, this is why you should regard weight training (including the Olympic lifts) and most forms of commonly used plyometrics as valuable  readiness activities for shock training. <br><brShock training is a powerful tool for athletic training, but because it places such high levels of tension on the muscles and stress on the nervous system, it must be approached with caution. This entails first developing a strength base with BFS core lifts, and perfecting the technique of the lower intensity shock training exercises. Accurate visualization of reactive movements, split-second decision making during sporting conditions, proper breath holding patterns, and fine tuning the nervous system (to develop what Siff calls cognitive plyometrics) take years of practice to perfect. Only after such preparation should you gradually increase the intensity of the exercises, and only with such preparations can you achieve maximal results with minimal risk of injury.<br><br>Shock Training in Action<br><br>According to Siff, Verkhoshansky is appalled at the amount of inaccurate information being published in the United Statese your powerful hip and buttock muscles including the tendons. If you go down and just touch thovement, jam their shoulders against the bar.&nbsp; Well, jaming your shoulders against a steel bar from this -3 inch space will cause the athlete to bruise his neck or s in an explosive type action at the last part of the lift. If the weight is too heavy to do this, the athlete should always try and have the feeling of coming up on the toes. The athlete should have the same feeling of blocking, tackling, rebounding or releasing a track implement at this final stage.<br><br><br>THE FINER POINTS<br>Obviously the height of the box makes a difference in the amount of weight that can be handled. The ideal starting point is about two-inches above parallel. Sometimes the tall, skinny athlete needs a higher level in order to get his technique correct. The same is often true with the over-fat younger athlete. The bottom line is control. If the athlete can t control his