JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?!`J@4)GaRJTVZʤ=(~4)IӸHհ 'Εwnc8ӔsW"$?MV(ITFK1JgHA$yLj|A6v]#>ޒW%qh_]35?g*^e, K.ܮ$WnK_]ڍd&4Awi&n- UԀ +4=~}VTW080ܣzW`6wA;cccEF2+D4 $2~UcDbbzң^:m< OU; GP,nT`Ԥ`c^Lh(r#>C!(:`cQ09$~UMgI,2mp@4, V]\xfHV!%"eT&PߕHSU~9P1O=T暹 @ Ӷj ilH03zȏŐ4@G6h s|Wc3Hv w \O1=Ÿ҅27#Ik/ň~ 9\6||#<ԖTݓ|~|W$IkWcYsk@'TH/s`1ToTMs]"MJv0RLKc$vKɮu]2*21!ኋۗ]9r„iZ8cOy>U>㹹L^\f_kX epOs@<Q]Zyl 9֤\EJ%F|R}O&ִiؒa_o 栝pqa=k5[{eͶmp\8{/WsmfvvC&趥zɏXnwH33ګZEk#ҴJ-I2A#$om&N*H9+ڝFk~'hbk8 ;$=tC0ߔ Ec%ME8əF{ߟ0JrʓWug% IJh9+h:`1o$EVPlVDKey}tdZ}D9xC-(#`9<`QAQh!nI}W4;q֐H W?V,i6Ҧ\pw; @ ڣ24ք2FnTRWax1"10DIX;sҸPr{<9̘Ē_šKVGVtՁKlt& i\׏wvU?ҥA'Q\4]R{}F{e@%ñr rQx `N31iqO E7|}B"t-x3sl Zе9ۯK7綒!1H{Vk;۩hS;bkz/-tlJ:q隧%X,9})ң8;V~.Ei 1*%8z]MnHWpsJk> $Wc8wJ6_E ;Oްo+5UiiC&C\_Å?gu?] y(Tj GYEۓ,>ict'b"fW w[~ђD+t!zjZ*0r&1z |2\*sZ) .:VdpIcTPjCbފW`ڋczQJ% sO1UCf.dYҁU>G}ҳ)Iyb=[<Qf>tvEּMy^~5qwh7sFqw:i!,m޽ V7-Wh,ckgަu"HAސSmM4pGP#;$,y#,y"GG[1?]u8l.%ȉ[>^#ҺI_68u9m,zMpgq*J?$bj hQLfs*R3G  T9x?ĦbP .{jSv]鷁~+%>EPӱb=z1/Aچv4hAa8+?4Qb(l-'zZQֻh^,lDV8ʼpCK%tsw'r>IغiJI3J * x+L*}2)Ȯb`^7,Tqˋti.\Frz W#r;%h>%]ZAkuz$ ۱+G*|3]7Δdab~ i dNWΎnVh ) }4K@l 9swk 0wfciDu+G^8VJi'(I"wS%ucy֌Ӿa|8B(?ҸۍecIMw#(9r8+}4FҮpH })ٌ,WH <ǏP zxMk -R+KF6+ ͞;).1h-僄P$'vqZ-&Vz_qX0MCJZi HT|zw1'>'5(=i۳9s\/OOpEep"ʶ&9#gނ?]?N#A>E79'{gR?Q1Zg\w5Uq(lg#"Y}vGqޚ1qiLj6SJ22L Ê|1Sl~{ 囎?c|U\– 89i[%DѯwVh[zN֪I-Jjz|քSNq71xyNW?Bd.y,rMB&z<t̲w !F#ӵZdq1 x"(y|(YRQFʔ'O1.;S J" Qx#9oi=F* rGr1dhf^RsVQ#BNHBV#z5bQ$%aO._߷^YR)޹vvʓ:\ z@#6<=) CaGZw};T%r4owvP4Oy٫os_J|i<'8pFZ[evdr#OL=i&E$[J\rN1ƨtȉ@nR.o3 @Һ6Enb7#'ը7J*SPk6h W|Cf,|C}n&8rGBl 7'vFWҙ2%1SL V*$ZcnNy'-6qOJB3Na 7rQc)=W?Z(SSM!hO4*EAO :b؇g5E}-CMZ d5iI9^HQJqJeer0&_EЄm::9 "tF iΓ $:v@h-ŗe Qb r 4̷VU˜;A?ZҊ$0TpfVWlCSJNiҙ'I[葴HߌJĊ1]5;9kG8ChYlP\B- Ć'r?7Nec 5ҥ$f.3zlH^`zeh~4TbR:riI=*S9 HFRi\SS\IHs}(7iҫ z(ҳu,FHB3c?Z׿\[)=V: օ!A֫ k,3Ax,ܞJJ`'{WgGOܩ)=LiCԒ;q7OZ>nF@=h~ҍiҔQds@-f?s |9=k~1,=?J>XŮ sܵY 4ciyǵPup :u@)1\Cgjrjݝ&1+rQ-J*J4GBqJ}qNP3N sZFԁGR*i⁌Q]FLIS*ҧi%RbuT.&9ee>* &!# `} o'6 Qٙ Cˀp@_DhFQ@Wv4(y=}!(M>EGMl\RԀJ &yFp`8^Ajg !Չ$RcqI% IDv֩'L;0`#Vu{BWHb]v?* TccZ΄2 yΕ5܀ǨXjx*o-@H9*Եqem@PԔl*Mt?R*[]4 - S+XsrHTZֱ@,L`E[U4R*<֘G4eXdցcT|Ls@ 1J `@\GZr0`u42A5ɬKq1+v$gިȳ[4a^:%U` { oSP(5FR[u1V?+̾$\*HT,=:z@(Ef"a`c9H,8كoKS !~J-Y~ˠb|)ē}ksa: j~[pǬ[9 =+j,ZE.?׷ֺ{d_(*ފ?َ8UPIHZ͔ `ɤG$m?^\ +rrp#޵l33Ҫz)<Ҕ%̠%OJ=s?EB 8Fr4PAKҗb gj J] ?ZW.1_J7s DsbQp%Ip}fj"ԳKwv̖^.H|̿ږ'̑F*_]x'$m#Iֵ9I $>QcZ5{! dwٗ%/KIحL˝7MtTt&YG89$[b0ȭ &ѹ%t9ǧ݇鬷AM+$rssԎ+&w!jtWRFF{W3%k'ܬ^[!C9}\G T8q `~nʦ+1 75Z޹# 'ҴWK܌7?Hw.-Kdvv."CwZ{*86<)&g=ɀ$s$9*'{WcbJvc!'7qiŇ㎔bH{d$zPx48NV?sLm=yP\6DyqT2ҞS })"̞TE3ETg.#d^NO֚ =F}:TmM  -DN3j,<.@1ؐH @kɅ؆RKO%U-Yʥ#C=/LX. HQb$%2dUjz c (Mu-R5h$+1#FmyǞ-KU yqhB ~Ձa(@㚕d7"] ZnuC&8zc=X]#9Eb\ ֫w<'\@9ZtgaB.C#:tQA qz7N94ᦅl+qNg[e 5"@#qW+rOCޜ3}(B9?O9e# ' zv2azP&qbM4sXL211y{b烊AS3 P O@pTpNX#>%GєlP*~PzҁEE,I=RaA p8MfQj@(q=rTN1MY;x5ۂ>NxJ8#R u`>PTp=M;9p2ʽxp.>R듊Q49=B60&`\>"4 #X]H<.CsLPCHv=:w dbfSbs3g? `s>F' Tآ,zҊ2-V=QC<:1=cޛ ʞOJ(lXqڝ~4QHFyQg(@ AE6N*j73E #+N@Ȧ1 NO4<("2p= 4QTcJ$ \zE&Ko (J֊(off the ground while holding 286 pounds in his hands!  When Serge Reding stayed with our family, he shared an enormous amount of material with me, recalls Siff.  He stressed that  core exercises (such as the squat and power clean) were of little value if even one minor muscle group is weak and lets you down in competition. <br> <br> From Pommel Horse <br>to Car Seat<br><br>Although the glute-ham raise had been used by European athletes since the turn of the century, American athletes were introduced to it in 1971 through Strength and Health magazine. The magazine showed pictures of Russian weightlifters performing the lift on a pommel horse in front of wooden stall bars.<br>American weightlifter Bud Charniga saw the article and decided to include the new exercise in his exercise arsenal.  What I did was take a padded car seat and nail it to a carpenter s bench. I then placed it in front of my power rack and hooked my ankles underneath my barbell so that I wouldn t tip over. <br>Because the car seat Charniga used was padded and had a much sharper curve than the pommel horses the Russians were using, he noticed something unusual.  I noticed that when I did the exercise, the curved surface of the car seat helped me flex my knees more so that I could get a greater range of motion. Although you can t directly attribute all his lifting success to one exercise, it should be noted that in 1974 after Charniga began performing the exercise, he snatched 352 pounds, only 5 pounds off the American record in his bodyweight division.<br>In 1979 Charniga visited Russia and found that every gym he looked in had a glute-ham station, and that the exercise was an integral part of the training of Russian weightlifters. He saw that weightlifters would often perform some variation of the exercise twice in a workout, once before the workout with light weights as a warm-up, and again at the end of the workout with heavy weights as a strengthening exercise. This sensible practice was also followed in the U.S. In fact, five-time national weightlifting champion Ken Clark, whose picture appears in the BFS Total Program Book, began every workout with several sets of back extension exercises. In 1983, at a body weight of 220 pounds, Clark clean and jerked 470 pounds, an American record that has yet to be equaled.<br>While in Russia, Charniga noticed that not much had changed in regard to how the exercise was performed since that first Strength and Health article, with the exception that some gyms had positioned straps to secure the feet.  They simply didn t have access to materials, or the budget, to have someone make a sophisticated glute-ham developer for them. When Charniga returned to the U.S.