JFIFC    $ &%# #"(-90(*6+"#2D26;=@@@&0FKE>J9?@=C  =)#)==================================================" }!1AQa"q2#BR$3br %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz w!1AQaq"2B #3Rbr $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ?,M$R".<޵g>^5ʜtON)[X\,(BZ?gWLWQdius3WաdK qYRx>MvVyljq~&; Vә~9&mܛkRʥHq{Σqb\!suB τv&s֦]HRِ1GUvbWf#c9Uyb^HD3{5*g1ySߕgtv+j {P*)o.1LUu+Y,ϹAlשu6T0H=)4M44fERa#stqjT)zq\ơ3Kn)}z[S2xsN{h9ӊ݄G^]((VS8XVyI r Mik;xgGz`sMblf4D>ioh $uy%S. 3O": ZjNY0'*8v9%%I'XBqh%Cl@nb; ¬jn]3I ϾMd{mRwc?U%ݭhb9Ju-1Һ]iӀBd\Iڹvծ>k#"=:['ˌ]H!YMDmh=c.XXyfN<ID2ykfʆFxEIcg#{D (d,r,K"(gyFv$c zmlڵy ={mȚO54) q5Kw1;Pk70 ,+ŭ7Z?0bZiFJwkC[w t:W=o _jRA(`p=3r}2K$(Qs#Ң.Dq:(;p#8T[` k ܤߗ&u8"+Bk}FIn.͔ĞEm=̖!9UT$0{sZr{7%E 8YqȄul=N _JIbV;ZZ<9 Bv/4ζ[ʼnBW#K2&2>G<~ YۨV> B]{<}hVqʨ4[uOg=*G JDIb.dR*6q5J_9M-Tp\ƑN␲Ǟ zέi2Kvي)vR39ڵn4uյ8Ms1?t^9ig( 9!4X%^V8UrjݯVK!2U:u%.γ,GC]Z$Wt8ǿZjNEnK}Aj13.WXot+.- J%8Wm/[!rTzW ;aicP](Ƿ5w0SXdw2ګˁP=j}CIkm_͂ .Jec?6^[y8"o~gyU9:ٗt >{蒃%r^۝*~`8k\j N$øLrW n?-a6љT ;yU Qjy=TH2Gֶ|5mblnl$lw'[aХ##o[|$W6.Fe,'>N*'tO3>yݜ.99vWZ Fv{`nJ J7ښ]E~* Dڔ(˅E61[zW?i_Gl)4pCKmtD/_LV~cĎ{P@犉E64R{#1c;E4qHUeA,w]Oo 2'GT-t-'wOgt?kд{kKDOνy=R؛iXx^Zь,܁f"Ą,+*.crms!=kjVl|P }#_*)Xk$ 'ӞjsH$*98+3Iotʑ]'Ne; tlSVZ =-ctx9iupNIJaC*_"(oH.}`YPκCg$`u'jmFC$BTb̏ 4wnZcY=ql VPT5_,ڍۅzC]ɢ4/+~<ΕάCHvK0998_G0`LNA^Ukcia ?KRfɊ<_֪LiM7 .qd#pjm"&F$ZK[Jmʃhڻ>a! 2 W*hKFKฌz0u$hd^uoũȇYX~*M7x$)=.w^GQy!#Z-z Qw[>W\Ʊ5jJH ^dS,`O!(%SW;j6=̱4n1B 漍X$!Z ?57j)Wۊ|㸩hogpB p? *qo<q֊dj"+ On9:5͍ Ԏ5*ͧ𽩻cf# y}k/,%I Vq!]3դz} 3=xyyY#dV F3\ 3#os U @Xyp=+{;r6Su?mVَɲ(W+λ-JG8E!]'|;Vַ1hBH}a%P [FGB:ʳSI!"|[Cw*iʘ4{"7b{ɻ7\#0 < "[)@F(HczZᷱJ(>Y\c;(jׇ kո Yɉ>nݟ 7Gas<_GiàJۗ+}[}'בڑ\|^kGaAH/\4?nOqX<8FnzHu6U` W@~С[=0?ƺ댬.܃[C"J뿾jbmȮT*2#,drPpXw^]H"EӦQZtqQ,bl3zoC*ԝ;\jD53#<8ܤHn<Ϳ^xcDՋ5ՔaߘľҬ%83zESF)q vmwn}Rw` \Mq$TNIsM+7Bn9jV*d)c^9-Y wZ yy~v00һF#o$\Z(vaF Fqnu{䴹H)!z[Zt $`F\W?Ғm %&c=\\@ uzz a#Te:]wsF{⟯Y{sܷvWئo}a!"+$cd}UkSj&2IYΗq47 E[#sqrIXw-H!XY֯ZyAF zh -y}s\3ŻKVbtKy fE\(S4y@ntjɨ-jKrTzv5 a"puJJ㼚M7Dݤ[&?ֻ[mC;d ;Maɍ^bgz Dr=mdž͵< Ѽ@FpyR:8Y1P<wmH̀#G~ԗ,n|CUf  c֡4M5,QzPZxB6!.s qmD\3Ojrig@a`qZ3ƊF$ztlY3 8 RʪW3Z2;떢Z`~?u>"{wzĂ@NG!q+¢)cb]Q$9=^?C;yQcj!5cHḀ}iͧnwm#צ'k6NAoh>w@YO4ROxT1D%P$$2gT:XKGw8i~Lɪ󟔑Q>_ϧ_Kkr3|EZ+3վs];,iEC\o{_#!2HOu\M-?1P枭ǸI&)EsIϧb T_52};dr&$)^ PWvd͵{%Ls~B 'Js [qr8gf]&ihU@ iYU;Fq*Kj5k{@R(}p*JRi+GRg\^e\j,]f8V^U[4#Ҵ?xRB^r^rvRss~oƷ-=5 TQE)t {3||)i?OVȉnYJrhǭ0|2ұctV!X ^hc֣'E֏x$\+چ~\*/% 'ފ+gŽrrp=+>N$(jVg6±Iq+HC7\y>QP%_1מ$I#T(;?2j(Ps by weight training on the growing body causes damage to the epiphysial plates, says Siff, in his book Facts and Fallacies of Fitness.  It is extremely misleading to focus on the alleged risks of weight training on children when biomechanical researc,xҥ6UX{f]c\Z~h֪$8ǫnI't&=hs֊Qϭ )zvFr+5y)cwJ YD`/ہZSFlуIMUu@>'?Xͨ9 U%zbzt,Rm)Ay ~c'dU#'I$hVbA%cު܂8#Gi>ũLs5k9A=+,+q)7W{g؇ 6KY%hz :9&u+n+xsiyߗaT*үƠҹ~ץRP ֞@^}+7QppxI =L׿J(8V:+tqA UT{mY4t?`nQEv9_.F#7ɧ6 ZӣI3ҋXWE?!?Z di3zLށOhEX$Z$cUxQCɖ Ԛ$a R F8k2,npSkMJ‹2JԓJwVR;t%E38<c,K@f~DAҬh\)o5I?' U =XO8ENsZ0\2kүܙ.]k6{W9g3=+ZbqDl^OݜfI.@s7Teo2VckTDFt~t /қ}iA~t~t!?Z@!ZNG4Ʈ@qTFsߎ8^ڜO$@N;a渭ZO3P͎p7n$ݑ/")S3ZI?BeJS*#adIܖʍl:NgT!F{{`(t&,'f7ԳRqN[އCg!T;RsnHQץi;IS/N91U:U,g5ؘhێyM}(!w5UsZc?M&ڎ8yOȤօN cx+R3]eight training session with 3-5 sets of squats (say, with 10 reps, 8, 6 and 4 reps), with bodyweight or more for the last set. That bodyweight is divided between the two legs, so that, even taking acceleration into account, the loading per leg is bodyweight or a little more, while the spine is subjected to the full load on the bar. In other words, the legs and spine in controlled squatting are exposed to significantly less force than in running and jumping. Normally, exercises such as squatting will be done no more than twice a week for a total of about 60 repetitions, while the running child will run every day and subject the body to those many thousands of impulsive foot strikes. <br> It does not require much scientific knowledge or computational genius to see that the cumulative loading imposed by simple running activities on the lower extremities and the spine is far greater than the cumulative load of two or three times a week of weight training. Does this now mean that we are justified in recommending that children not be allowed to run, jump, throw or catch because biomechanical research definitely shows that such activities can produce very large forces on many parts of the growing body? <br>It should be obvious then that there is nothing wrong with running and other normal activities of childhood, and therefore no reason to disallow activities of lesser impact, such as carefully structured programs of weight training.<br>Siff also notes that bone density scans have proven that youngsters who do competitive weightlifting (i.e., the snatch and the clean and jerk) have higher bone densities than children who do not use weights, and that clinical research has not shown any correlation between weight training and epiphysial damage. Further, an extensive Russian study on young athletes, published in a book entitled School of Height, concluded that heavy lifting tends to stimulate bone growth in young athletes rather than inhibit it.<br>Two possible reasons for the fear that weight training could stunt growth are that weightlifters tend to possess more muscle mass than other athletes and that smaller athletes are attracted to the sport. In gymnastics, the average height of elite athletes has steadily declined in the past several Olympics because shorter athletes tend to be more successful in this sport. But saying that weightlifting makes you shorter because many elite weightlifters are short would be like saying that basketball makes you taller because most professional basketball players are tall!<br><br>The Numbers Game<br><br>Risk of injury is another area of concern for some coaches and parents. In this regard, it s instructive to look at the many studies that have measured the rate of injuries associated with weight training compared to other sports. For example, a study published in the November/December 2001 issue of the Journal of American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons cited research showing that in children